1. arguments as to what constitutes an emergency are settled by the test, "Are they costing or will they costtime or money or loss?" (FO 3195-1)2. an unpredictable circumstance which necessitates fast and unplanned handling. (HCO PL 18 Dec 64, Reissue Series 21 Administrative TrafficTrend)3. they weren't predicted. That's what makes an emergency. Did you know that? That's just a failure to predict. (SHSpec 230, 6301C15)