BISMARK

reference to Otto von Bismarck (1815-1898), German political leader and the first chancellor (chief of government) of the country from 1871 to 1890. Bismarck was called the "Iron Chancellor"; he had plans to unify all the German states, and he effected wars with Denmark, Austria and France in order to realize this goal. During Bismarck's chancellorship, the world's first formal psychological laboratory was established by Wilhelm Wundt in Leipzig, Germany. See also Wundt, Professor in this glossary. Wundt's blackboard "Bismark says all men must be animals, so all men are animals."