a reference to two well-known systems of shorthand-a method of rapid writing using symbols and abbreviations in the place of letters, words or phrases. The Pitmanstyle of shorthand was published in 1837 by English educator Sir Isaac Pitman (1813-1897) and introduced into the United States in 1852. The Greggstyle of shorthand was published in 1888 by Irish-born, American educator John Robert Gregg (1867-1948) and introduced into the United States in 1893.